Virtual Enactment Effect on Memory in Young and Aged Populations: A Systematic Review

Cosimo Tuena (1) , Silvia Serino (2) , Léo Dutriaux (3, 4, 5, 6) , Giuseppe Riva (1) , Pascale Piolino (6)

1 UNIMI - Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan
2 CHUV - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois = Lausanne University Hospital [Lausanne]
3 USPC - Université Sorbonne Paris Cité
4 UPD5 Psychologie - Université Paris Descartes – Institut de psychologie
5 U894 - Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences
6 LMC2 - EA 7536 - Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition

Background: Spatial cognition is a critical aspect of episodic memory, as it provides the scaffold for events and enables successful retrieval. Virtual enactment (sensorimotor and cognitive interaction) by means of input devices within virtual environments provides an excellent opportunity to enhance encoding and to support memory retrieval with useful traces in the brain compared to passive observation. Methods: We conducted a systematic review with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines concerning the virtual enactment effect on spatial and episodic memory in young and aged populations. We aim at giving guidelines for virtual enactment studies, especially in the context of aging, where spatial and episodic memory decline. Results: Our findings reveal a positive effect on spatial and episodic memory in the young population and promising outcomes in aging. Several cognitive factors (e.g., executive function, decision-making, and visual components) mediate memory performances. Findings should be taken into account for future interventions in aging. Conclusions: The present review sheds light on the key role of the sensorimotor and cognitive systems for memory rehabilitation by means of a more ecological tool such as virtual reality and stresses the importance of the body for cognition, endorsing the view of an embodied mind.

Mots clés: spatial memory episodic memory virtual reality enactment memory rehabilitation embodied cognition aging; spatial memory; episodic memory; virtual reality; enactment; memory rehabilitation; embodied cognition; aging

Domaines: Psychologie; Sciences cognitives

Cosimo Tuena, Silvia Serino, Léo Dutriaux, Giuseppe Riva, Pascale Piolino. Virtual Enactment Effect on Memory in Young and Aged Populations: A Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2019, 8, ⟨10.3390/jcm8050620⟩. ⟨hal-04025196⟩