Chapter 8 Memory dysfunctions

Pascale Piolino (1) , Christine Bulteau (1, 2) , Isabelle Jambaqué (1)

1 MC2Lab (URP_7536) - Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition
2 Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild [Paris]

Since the seminal work on the patient HM, who in his adulthood presented an acquired amnesic syndrome following the resection of the bilateral temporal lobe, other research has described several cases of isolated memory dysfunction in children. This chapter presents developmental and long-lasting memory disorders emerging from an organic or neurologic cause at birth or in infancy. More notably, we focus on developmental amnesic syndrome caused by neonatal bihippocampal damage and memory dysfunction caused by medial temporal developmental epilepsy. We describe these two pediatric populations and present the consequences of hippocampal/medial temporal lobe damage in the development of memory systems. We review episodic memory deficits in children with developmental amnesia and temporal lobe epilepsy and highlight their impact on new learning, personal memories, and independent life. Finally, we provide a brief overview of some of the insights and debates emerging from classic work and recent advances in the context of episodic memory dysfunction displayed by children with hippocampal/medial temporal lobe amnesia and propose new perspectives in child neuropsychology of memory, suggesting new avenues for more ecologic memory assessment and rehabilitation.

Keywords: Amnesic syndrome developmental amnesia temporal lobe epilepsy hippocampus episodic memory autobiographical memory retrograde amnesia anterograde amnesia; Amnesic syndrome; developmental amnesia; temporal lobe epilepsy; hippocampus; episodic memory; autobiographical memory; retrograde amnesia; anterograde amnesia

Domains: Humanities and Social Sciences; Psychology

Pascale Piolino, Christine Bulteau, Isabelle Jambaqué. Chapter 8 Memory dysfunctions. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 174, Elsevier, pp.93-110, 2020, Handbook of Clinical Neurology, ⟨10.1016/B978-0-444-64148-9.00008-9⟩. ⟨hal-04025189⟩